应用收敛约束法对与时间相关的支护材料特性的深入论述外文文献翻译、中英文翻译.docVIP

英文原文 Input to the application of the convergence con?nement method with time-dependent material behaviour of the support Abstract The convergence con?nement method is a two-dimensional, analytical method used in the design of sub- surface structures and for the description of ground and system behaviour. Its purpose is to derive the required support measures from the combination of the following values: the ground characteristic curve; a model of the development of the radial deformations of the excavation surface in the axial direction of the tunnel; the support characteristic curve; and the installation time and location of the support measures. The convergence con?nement method is usually employed in the preliminary design of underground structures. This article investigates the various methods of the convergence con?nement method and includes comments on possible application scenarios. One point of focus considers the system-bolting of rock mass as a supporting as well as a reinforcement measure. Another view is taken on the time-dependent material behaviour of shotcrete and its adaptation to the convergence con?nement method. 1.Introduction Underground structures can be designed by using many different calculation methods. While the preliminary design is dominated by analytical and empirical methods, fully modelling the entire construction process in the course of numerical calculations represents the standard procedure for detail design today. Further- more analytical methods can act as a tool for quickly verifying the numerical calculations and assessing the system behaviour during all stages of the design and construction process. Based on that knowledge, the design can be adjusted accordingly. An example for such an analytical procedure is the convergence con?nement method (CCM). A major development of the CCM was done by Pacher (1964). He investigated the deformation behaviour in an experimental tunnel to describe the ground