食品添加剂剂 防腐剂.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Preservatives 第三章防剂  Contents 2.1 Definition of preservatives i 22 Mechanisms of preservatives*机理 23 Varieties of preservatives*种类 2.4 Classification of preservatives举分类 2.5 Introduction to the preservatives used often in food 2.5.1 Benzoic acid and its sodium salt*装甲酸 2.5.2 Sorbic acid and its potassium salt*山梨酸  Sodium and calcium propionate求丙酸 Parabens/p-hydroxybenzoates (sum) 对羟基苯甲酸酯 other preservatives Nisin米乳酸链球菌素 fresh-keeping preservatives for fruits and vegetables a 2. 6 Attention to the application of food preservatives *ak 2. 7 Development tendency of food preservatives **(Questions for discussion)  Examples of foods which easily undergo spoilage as the result of microbial action meat products cheese bread aquatic SpIces Fruit juice products  Metnods jor preserving oods Traditional physical methods: 求 Drying in the sun s low-temperature storage ( freezing/ rozen storage)冷冻冷藏 求 pickling/ salting, sugaring腌制 soaking with wine腌制、浸酒 o fermentation发酵  4 New Physical Methods 求 Canning packaging罐藏 求 vacuun/ gas packaging真空、气体 e high hydrostatic pressure ( sterilization)高压 irradiation sterilization辐照 求 electron sterilization电子辐照 (2) Chemical Methods: preservatives  1. Definition(v) o Food preservatives may be defined as substances which can kill microorganisms or prevent the growth of microorganisms.抑制或杀死微生物的物质 4 Or in simple words. preservatives are substances used in foods which have antimicrobial effects.抗菌效果  Attention spices such as sugar, vinegar, and salt which also have anti-microbial effect, are not included.调味品如糖、醋 盐有抗菌效果,没有包括 Disinfectants used for sterilizing food containers are not included either.用于容器的消毒剂也不包含在内  2.2 Mechanisms of preservatives (1) Food spoilage caused by micro- organisms( three types)食品腐败三种形式 o Food spoilage caused by the action of bacteria。细菌的作用 o Food spoilage caused by the action of molds霉菌的作用  Food fermentation:发酵 米 alcohol fermentation,酒精 acetic