RET融合基因在非小细胞肺癌诊治中的意义.pdfVIP

RET 融合基因在非小细胞肺癌诊治中的意义 中文摘要 肺癌是当今世界癌症死亡的首位原因，分子靶向治疗是目前肺癌研究的热 点。RET (rearranged during transfection)融合基因存在于部分肺癌亚群中， 与其他已知的基因改变如EGFR、K-ras、ALK 等相互排斥，具有可识别的临床病 理学特征，与非小细胞肺癌的发生发展及肿瘤侵袭性等方面密切相关，且RET 抑制剂对其治疗有效，提示RET 融合基因有可能成为该亚群患者个体化诊治的新 靶点。本文将对RET 融合基因的结构特征及其在NSCLC 临床样品中的表达和治疗 方面的研究进展进行阐述。 关键词：RET融合基因；非小细胞肺癌；分子靶向治疗 1 The Significances of RET Fusion Gene in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Abstact Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Molecular target therapy has become a hot research direction of NSCLC （non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC ） treatment. RET fusion gene is present in some subsets of lung cancer, and the mutually exclusive nature of the RET fusions and other oncogenic alterations such as EGFR, K-rsa, ALK,etc. The mutations of RET gene with an identifiable clinical pathological features, is found to be involved in the pathogenesis of NSCLC as well as the invasiveness of tumors ，and its treatment is effective by RET inhibitor, suggesting that RET fusion gene may be a new target for individualized treatment to the subgroup of NSCLC. This article reviews the structural characteristics of RET fusion gene and expression model in clinical samples, and treatment of NSCLC. Key words: RET fusion gene ；Non-small cell lung cancer ；Molecular targeted therapy 2 前 言 目前，肺癌的发病率和死亡率在全球范围内位居各类恶性肿瘤之首，每年 约有138万人死于肺癌，占肿瘤致死总数的18.2%[1] 。预计到 2030 年，肺癌的归 [2] 因死亡将占全球所有死亡原因的3.1%，这是一个惊人的数字