暨南大学《项目管理》Chapter 5 Estimating Project times and costs.pptVIP

* * 21 * Edward Tong@2008 copy reserved Jinan University * ? The accuracy of bottom-up estimates will typically be in the range of?eA.?Minus 50% to plus 50%B.?Minus 0% to plus 75%C.?Minus 20% to plus 60%D.?Minus 35% to plus 35%E.?Minus 10% to plus 30% 22 * Edward Tong@2008 copy reserved Jinan University * ? The cost to prepare bottom-up estimates will typically run how much more than the costs to prepare the top-down estimates?? cA.?About the sameB.?About twice as muchC.?About three times as muchD.?About four times as muchE.?About five times as much 23 * Edward Tong@2008 copy reserved Jinan University * Typical kinds of costs found in a project include?eA.?Direct costsB.?Project overhead costsC.?General and administrative costsD.?Only A and B are includedE.?A, B, and C are all included 24 * Edward Tong@2008 copy reserved Jinan University * Project costs are typically viewed from all of the following except:?bA.?ScheduledB.?SunkC.?ActualD.?CommittedE.?All of these are correct 25 * Edward Tong@2008 copy reserved Jinan University * ?Which of the following would be considered a direct project cost??eA.?LaborB.?MaterialsC.?EquipmentD.?Both A and B are direct costsE.?A, B, and C are all considered direct costs 26 * Edward Tong@2008 copy reserved Jinan University * Which of the following is not one of the recommended guidelines for developing useful work package estimates??A.?Estimates should be made by those responsible for the work dB.?Use several people to estimate the same workC.?Estimates should be based on normal conditionsD.?Estimates should include a normal level of contingencyE.?Estimates should be independent of other projects 27 * Edward Tong@2008 copy reserved Jinan University * Companies like Boeing, Kodak, and IBM are using which of the following for improving the estimating process??dA.?Adjusting estimates based on individual forecasting