原油流动的影响因素 改善措施及相关分析-improvement measures and related analysis of influencing factors of crude oil flow.docxVIP

目录摘要..........................................................................................................................IIIABSTRACT.................................................................................................................. V第一章文献综述及研究原理....................................................................................11.1 文献综述.................................................................................................................21.1.1 表面活性剂在采油中的应用 ..........................................................................21.1.2 稠油降黏剂的研究 ..........................................................................................61.2 基本原理............................................................................................................... 111.2.1 分散体系的流变性质 ..................................................................................... 111.2.2 流体的黏度 .....................................................................................................141.2.3 乳状液 ............................................................................................................16第二章 原油流动的影响因素....................................................................................252.1 压力的影响............................................................................................................252.2 温度的影响............................................................................................................262.2.1 温度对原油黏度的影响 .................................................................................262.2.2 稠油分散稀释对地层温度的影响 .................................................................262.3 盐的影响................................................................................................................282.3.1 盐对形成原油乳状液类型的影响 .................................................................282.3.2 盐对水的表面张力的影响 .............................................................................28第三章 改善原油流动的方法....................