从美国诉微软案审视中国对跨国公司的反垄断-法学专业论文.docxVIP

内 容 摘 要 经济的全球化已成为当今国际经济发展与交流的主要特征，世界贸易 的自由化，全球生产的一体化趋势已不可抗拒，各个国家和地区的市场已 经逐渐地互相融合在一起，形成统一的全球市场。在全球市场中的经济活 动具备了各种国际化的因素，竞争行为也随之呈现出国际化、全球化的趋 势。而竞争的国际化和全球化又大大扩大了竞争的范围、加剧了竞争的激 烈程度。垄断和限制竞争行为也自然而然地具备了国际化的特征。 跨国公司滥用市场优势地位谋求垄断利益，限制竞争。跨国公司通常 规模庞大，拥有强大的实力，在相关市场上往往占有优势甚至支配地位， 滥用优势地位的事件频繁发生。最著名的案例莫过于微软公司了。由于微 软公司凭借其在计算机软件市场上的绝对优势地位，采取捆绑销售其网络 浏览器器和媒体播放器的行为，将其市场支配地位扩展到其他的产品上， 不正当地限制了其他相关产品市场上的竞争，损害了其他生产者和消费者 的利益。微软因此先后受到了美国和欧盟的起诉和制裁。 市场经济的成长，需要经过一段较长的规范化、完善化的发展过程。 我国从计划经济向市场经济过渡，建立具有中国特色社会主义市场经济， 有必要借鉴各国市场经济发展的经验，尤其是政府经济职能的发挥。无论 是西方国家还是发展中国家，都在不断调整和完善政府在市场经济中的作 用。在全世界经济最自由和反垄断法体系最完善的美国，微软垄断案是美 国政府对经济的司法干预，自然引起了全世界的广泛关注。本文通过对美 国诉微软案进行分析，希望能够为中国反垄断带来些启示。 关键词: 微软 反垄断法 跨国公司 效率 竞争 Abstract At present, economic globalization has been a main characteristic in the international economy development and intercourse. Based on both the irresistible trend in integrative production all around world and the liberation in international trade, every country and region have gradually related together to form uniform a global market. Because there are different kinds of internationalization factors in global economic activities, so there is a trend of globalization in the competition behavior. Moreover, the internationalization and globalization in competition not only extends the range of competition but also makes it more competitive. Therefore, monopoly and restrictive competition have feature of internationalization spontaneously. Multinational corporation abuses market advantage to make monopoly earnings, which restricts competition. Usually Multinational Corporation is large-scale, has strong strength and let itself in advantageous or dominant place in the related market. One of most typical cases is about Microsoft. Based on its absolute advantage in computer software market, Microsoft sold network browser and media player through bundling and tied-in sales. That activity extends its dominant role to other products unlawfully restricts competition in the related product and damage the benefit