结冰条件下过冷水滴撞击特性及热平衡分析-航空宇航推进理论与工程专业论文.docxVIP

第 第 PAGE IV 页 第 第 III 页 上，本文以目前应用较广的热气防冰系统为研究对象，基于能量平 衡原理，考虑传热与传质耦合效果和导热的影响，改进了 Messinger 能量平衡模型，开发了一套计算防冰表面温度的程序。此外，本文 结合实际工程需要，研究了防冰所需热量随水滴直径的变化规律。 本文的研究内容包括水滴撞击特性研究和防冰部件表面热平 衡分析两部分。本文首次分析了重力对水滴撞击特性的影响并得到 SLD 的特性，得到了防冰部件所需热量随水滴直径的变化规律，并 在提高程序计算效率和结果精度方面提出了一系列新的研究思路和 方法。本文所获得的水滴撞击特性及其影响规律、建立的表面温度 计算方法、发展的数值计算软件，对开展飞机及发动机部件的防冰 机理研究，以及防/除冰装置的优化设计、冰风洞试验技术的完善等 均具有重要参考价值。 关键词：机翼，过冷水滴，水滴撞击特性，结冰，热平衡分析 Supercooled Water Droplet Impingerment Property and Thermal Balance Analysis Under the Condition of Icing ABSTRACT Ice accretions may occur on certain exposed parts of an airplane, such as the airfoil and aircraft engine when the airplane flies in clouds which contain supercooled water droplets. This is very dangerous since ice accretions can seriously degrade aircraft performance and handling characteristics. Investigation on icing mechanism and effects is the basis of anti/deicing equipments design and the establishment of flight and operation rules in icing condition. The research of droplet impingement property and the caculation of anti-icing surface temperature are the basis of airplane anti-icing study. They are investigated by theoretic analysis and numerical simulation methods in this thesis. It mainly includes the following: Firstly, the Lagrange method is proposed to establish the motion equation of supercooled water droplet, and the CFD software Fluent is applied to calculate the airflow field, and the droplet impingement property on the airfoil surface is investigated, and then a program for the calculation of two-dimensional airfoil and three-dimensional airfoil droplet impingement property is developed. Secondly, the influence of flight velocity, droplet diameter, temperature and droplet gravity on droplet impingement property are investigated. Meanwhile, the droplet impingement property of supercooled large droplet is obtained and its’ practical application is discussed. Besides, taking the case of an engine cone section, the impact of mod