基于招募成本的应急车辆调度模型研究-管理科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 近些年突发事件在全球范围内时有发生，给社会经济和人民生命财产带来了巨 大的损失。如何建立有效的应急物流系统，在突发事件发生后，启动应急预案及时 的将有限的资源，通过良好规划调运运输到受灾点，是目前国内外相关领域的研究 热点。在应急物流研究中，车辆调度问题是尤为重要。所谓车辆调度问题是指如何 科学合理调度地把一系列的需求节点有机的结合起来，形成一系列的行车路径，从 而使运输车辆能够高效、经济、有序地通过这些需求点，将运送的物资交付到需求 客户手中，该方面的研究具有非常高的现实意义。 有鉴于此，论文将车辆调度问题结合一些现实情况作为应急物流研究的重点， 尤其针对需求点需求量较大的车辆调度问题。论文首先介绍了应急物流和车辆调度 的学科知识和国内外相关研究。其次将车辆路径问题结合了的车辆招募成本和缺货 成本进行研究，并用算例进行了模型验证。随后在此基础上将单位成本不变的车辆 招募成本与缺货成本扩展为边际车辆招募成本递增，和边际缺货成本递减的情况， 再研究车辆路径问题。在每一个模型中，都分别计算了距离最短、时间最短模型， 以及在此基础上提出了混合模型，并通过 Matlab 编程，利用边际贡献率最大来分配 每一个应急车辆，仿真算例验证了该研究的适用性和有效性。 关键词: 应急物流；车辆调度；车辆招募成本； II II Abstract Recently emergency events have been likely emerging around the global society, caused great loss of the social economy and peoples life and property. How to establish an effective emergency logistics system, after emergency events, to launch the emergency plan to distribute the limited resources to the affect areas with a good planning and scheduling transportation, is the hotspot of present research. In the research of emergency logistics, Vehicle Scheduling Problem is particularly important. Vehicle Scheduling Problem is highly realistic significance which refers to how combine these affected points scientifically to form a series of path, then orderly through these demand point, and improve the relief activities of transportation efficient economically. With this consideration, the key point of this article will be the combination of Vehicle Scheduling Problem and some emergency logistics realities, especially for the large-scale demand of Vehicle Scheduling Problem. This paper firstly introduced the basic knowledge and the domestic and foreign relevant research of emergency logistics and Vehicle Scheduling Problem. Next, combined the Vehicle Scheduling Problem with vehicle recruiting cost and the shortage cost are studied, and also justified it by a numerical example. Then based on this foundation increasing marginal vehicles recruit costs and decreasing marginal shor