VIII 干细胞生物学完整课件.ppt

Developmental Biology More than 200 clearly recognizable differentiated cell types in mammals The fertilized eggs in development undergo successive cell differentiation, forming a variety of different cell lineages Hypodermis: 皮下组织, Coelomocyte: 体腔细胞 Stem cells can be identified during the successive differentiation of different cell lineages in development Concept of stem cells in the context of development Stem cells are defined as a cell population that has the capacity both to self-renew and to give rise to at least one kind of nondividing, fully differentiated descendant. Stem cells can be identified during the successive differentiation of different cell lineages in development, thus, are classified based on their developmental potential, developmental stages etc The stem cell classification—developmental potential Totipotent（全能干细胞）: Ability of a single cell to divide and produce all the differentiated cells in an organism, including extraembryonic tissues - Examples: the fertilized egg, blastomeres of early morulas Pluripotent （多潜能干细胞）: Potential of a cell to generate all cell types except extraembryonic tissue - Examples: embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem (ips) cells Multipotent （多能干细胞）: Potential of a cell to form several lineages within a tissue - Examples: Haematopoietic stem cells Unipotent （单能干细胞）: Potential of a cell to form a single lineage within a tissue - Examples: Epidermal stem cells The stem cell classification—developmental stages Early Development Embryonic stem cells (ESc) Germline stem cells (GSC) Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) The germ layer derived development Ectoderm Neural stem cells Epidermal stem cells Mesoderm Hematopoietic stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells Endoderm Liver stem cells Pancreatic stem cells Stem cells in the epithelium of the small intestine and colon Stem cell biology 1 Introduction 2 Early Development 2.1 Embryonic stem cells (ESc) 2.2 induced