TED中英双语演讲稿How to rebuild a broken state.pdfVIP

How to rebuild a broken state Ashraf Ghani 2006-10-18 /talks/ashraf_ghani_how_to_rebuild_a_broken_state Pollykann - A powerful video player (App) for learning languages provided technical support for the subtitles. 本字幕由【小鹦看看】- 用了会后悔，不用更后悔的外语学习App，提供技术支持。 A public, Dewey long ago observed, “共和”概念，正如美国哲学家杜威很久之前所观察到的， is constituted through discussion and debate. 通过辩论和讨论而成。 If we are to call the tyranny of assumptions into question, 如果我们质疑暴政的假想， and avoid doxa, the realm of the unquestioned, 避免不经推敲的教条， then we must be willing to subject our own assumptions 那么我们必须愿意把自己的假想 to debate and discussion. 进行讨论辨伪。 It is in this spirit that I join into a discussion 正是秉着这种精神我才来此参与讨论 of one of the critical issues of our time, 这个我们时代的关键议题， namely, how to mobilize different forms of capital 即如何调动各式各样的资本 for the project of state building. 为国家重建服务。 To put the assumptions very clearly: 首先明晰我们的假设， capitalism, after 150 years, has become acceptable, 资本主义经过150年的发展已被广为接受， and so has democracy. 民主亦然。 If we looked in the world of 1945 如果我们回看1945年的世界， and looked at the map of capitalist economies and democratic polities, 并且查看当时资本主义经济体系及民主政治版图， they were the rare exception, not the norm. 它们只是少数，并非主流。 The question now, however, 然而目前的问题是， is both about which form of capitalism 选择何种资本主义体制 and which type of democratic participation. 及何种民主参与机制。 But we must acknowledge 但我们必须承认 that this moment has brought about 此刻要唤起 a rare consensus of assumptions. 宝贵的共识达成一致。 And that provides the ground 及提供基础 for a type of action, 以促成一种行动， because consensus of each moment 因为每个时刻的共识 allows us to act. 能让我们共同行动。 And it is necessary, no matter how fragile 而且这是必须的，不管 or how provisional our consensus, 我们的共识如何脆弱或短暂， to be able to move forward. 共识能让我们前进。 But the majority of the world 但是世界大部分地区 neither benefits from capitalism 既没有从资本主义体系获利 nor from democratic systems. 也没有从民主体系里获利。 Most of the globe 全球大部分国家的经历 experiences the state as repressive, 都是