红富士苹果果实裂纹研究.docVIP

红富士苹果果实裂纹研究 　　摘要：对红富士（长富二号）苹果裂纹的发生进行了研究，结果表明，套袋后果实蜡质层厚度变薄，而表皮细胞变大，但裂纹与不裂纹部分果皮蜡质层厚度、表皮细胞大小间未见差异；套袋后果实表皮原果胶含量、可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量及抗坏血酸含量（P=0.05）均低于不套袋果，而可溶性果胶含量（P=0.05）则高于不套袋果；套袋后磷、钾、锌元素含量（P=0.05）高于不套袋果，而钙元素含量（P=0.05）低于不套袋果。田间调查结果表明，套袋后果实在盛花后132 d裂纹率达到92%，而不套袋果实裂纹率只有10%。 　　关键词：红富士苹果；套袋；裂纹；果胶 　　中图分类号：S661.1文献标识码：ADOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2011.01.018 　　 　　Study on Flecking of Red Fuji Apple 　　LIU Tie-zheng1, FU Ya-li2, ZHI Fu-jun1, ZHANG Chong3, XU Ji-zhong4 　　(1.Shijiazhuang Fruit Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei050064, China; 2. Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science，Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050041, China; 3.Shijiazhuang Dadi Seed Company Limited，Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050041, China; 4.Department of Horticultrue,Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China ) 　　Abstract：The studying of flecking in Red Fuji apple was discussed in this paper . The results showed that the thickness of cutide layer in Red Fuji apple became thin, however epidermal cell became big after bagging. But the thickness of cutide layer and the size of epidermal cell in bagging apple were no difference between fleckingand noflecking. After bagging, the contents of protopectin, soluble sugars, starch, Vc of peer in Red Fuji apple were lower than that of nobagging , but the soluble pectin in bagging apple was higher than that of nobagging. The contents of P, K, Zn after bagging were higher than that of nobagging, but Ca contents was lower. Fieldinvestigation showed that the percentage of flecking in Red Fuji apple was 92% afterbagging , but only 10% in nobagging. 　　Key words: Red Fuji apple；bagging；flecking；pectin 　　 　　近几年，红富士苹果果实裂纹发生严重，影响其外观品质，给苹果生产及销售带来了重大损失。有关果实裂纹的研究已有报道。Dickinsom等[1]报道环境因素如土壤含水量、大气温湿度、降雨等是诱发裂纹的重要因素；陈苑虹[2]指出玉环柚扁圆形果始终存在开裂的可能，而梨形果一般不会开裂。刘建福[3]认为套袋降低了梨果实的可溶性糖含量，有利于增强梨果实的抗裂能力。牛自勉[4]等在研究套袋与环境的关系时指出，套袋是提高红富士苹果果实外观品质的重要措施，对果实裂纹的影响未见报道。本试验对比研究了套袋果与不套袋果果实裂纹的发生时期及程度，果皮结构及一些生理指标，以期探讨红富士苹果裂纹机理，为生产中预防红富士苹果裂