14 失业-讲义经济学.pdf

Unemployment Unemployment and Its Measurement Unemployment • Unemployment – Total number of adults (aged 16 years or older) willing and able to work and who are actively looking for work and have not found a job – 城镇登记失业人员指有非农业户口，在一定的劳动年 龄内(16周岁至退休年龄)，有劳动能力，无业而要求就 业，并在当地劳动保障部门进行失业登记的人员。 3 Unemployment (contd) • Categories of individuals without work – Job loser – Reentrant – Job leaver – New entrant 4 Unemployment (contd) • Job Loser – An individual whose employment was involuntarily terminated or who was laid off • 40–60% of the unemployed 5 Unemployment (contd) • Reentrant – An individual who has worked a full-time job before but left the labor force and has now reentered it looking for a job • 20–30% of the unemployed 6 Unemployment (contd) • Job Leaver – An individual who voluntarily quit • 10 to 15% of the unemployed 7 Unemployment (contd) • New Entrant – An individual who has never worked a full-time job for two weeks or longer • 10 to 15% of the unemployed 8 Describing Unemployment • Three Basic Questions: – How does government measure the economy’s rate of unemployment? – What problems arise in interpreting the unemployment data? – How long are the unemployed typically