医学影像学： 第七章 泌尿生殖.pptVIP

* * * ? * ? 第四节 男性生殖系统 概述 前列腺.精囊.睾丸.附睾.精索 前列腺增生. 前列腺癌 睾丸肿瘤 USG最常用 MRI早期发现前列腺癌 一、检查技术 （一）X线检查 （二）超声检查 （三）CT检查 （四）MRI检查 正常前列腺 正常前列腺的MRI表现T2WI（FATSAT） T1WI 疾病诊断 前列腺增生 前列腺癌 一、前列腺增生 超声检查：前列腺均匀性增大，边界清楚，被膜完整。 CT检查：前列腺对称性增大，超过耻骨联合上2cm。 MRI：增大的前列腺在T1WI上呈均一低信号。 二、前列腺癌 超声：前列腺周围区出现低回声结节，被膜外突。 CT：对早期前列腺癌无价值 MRI：对局限于被膜内的前列腺癌有较高的价值。 病例1：前列腺轻度增生，外周带正常。 病例2：前列腺癌，位于左侧外周带，右侧正常。 思考题 肾及输尿管结石的特征性表现 肾癌的CT及MRI表现 肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的特征性表现 肾上腺皮质腺瘤的特征性表现 肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的特征性表现 卵巢囊腺瘤及囊腺癌的CT表现 子宫内膜癌的特征性表现 子宫颈癌的特征性表现 * Subsequent arteriogram in same patient shows tight stenosis at the left renal artery ostium.? Following angioplasty, the stenosis was gone and the patients hypertension resolved. * Subsequent arteriogram in same patient shows tight stenosis at the left renal artery ostium.? Following angioplasty, the stenosis was gone and the patients hypertension resolved.Diagnostic catheter angiography of the renal arteries has been largely replaced by CT and MR angiography but therapeutic procedures such as renal artery stent placement and renal artery embolization are widely performed * * Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography may be used for assessment of renal artery stenosis (shows aberrant lower pole artery (arrow) arising from aorta and crossing mildly dilated renal pelvis. * Contrast enhanced CT of abdomen and pelvis shows (1) medial orientation to the lower poles of both kidneys, (2 3) parenchymal isthmus (i) crossing midline and fusing underneath the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) (arrow). Associations include UPJ obstruction, duplication anomalies, and stone formation due to abnormal kidney geometry and urine stasis. * The rim represents edema of the ureteral wall. The presence of a tissue rim sign allows a confident diagnosis of a stone within the ureter * Precontrast image reveals a high-density, round, smooth mass in the left kidney. (B) Following contrast medium there is no significant change in the appearance or density of the mass. * Precontrast image dem