泌尿系统影像学课件.pptVIP

骨关节系统影像学 INTRODUCTION Including both kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra.Lack of natural contrast.Need various kinds of contrast examination.Use of CT, USG,MRI. METHODS OF EXAMINATION Plain Film of the Abdomen (KUB) Including both sides of kidney, area of ureter and bladder.To show contour, size, shape of the above organs and psoas muscles margin.To demonstrate stone and calcification of urinary tract KUB Intravenous Urography (IVU) METHODS OF EXAMINATION Preparation: 1. sensitivity test of iodine. 2.preparation of intestinal tract (fast 8~12h, catharsis) Contrast medium: 1.Urografin (泛影葡胺) 2. Iopamidol (碘必乐) 3. Iopromide (碘普罗胺) Technique: 1.intravenous instillation of contrast medium (100ml) should be over in 5~10minutes 2. films are taken at 3,5,10,15,25(KUB) minutesDisplay: 1.excretory function of kidney 2.morphology of urinary tractIntravenous Urography (IVU) METHODS OF EXAMINATION -C+CI.V.U. I.V.U. Retrograde Urography METHODS OF EXAMINATION To be used when IVU has been unsatisfactory or inconclusive.To show the morphology of urinary tract only. Retrograde Urography Renal Angiography METHODS OF EXAMINATION abdominal aortography.Selective renal arteriography. Renal Angiography Renal Angiography CT METHODS OF EXAMINATION Plain Scans patient preparation : ⑴ oral contrast mediun administration for bowel and bladder filling ⑵ 1~2%, 500ml of urografin for kidney CT ⑶ 1~2%, 1000ml of urografin for bladder CT ⑷ the bladder must be fully distendedSlice thickness and intervals: 5~10mmScanning method: sequential CT scansScanning ranges: upper pole of kidney→ureter→bladder CT Plain Scans Contrast enhanced Scans CT METHODS OF EXAMINATION Contrast medium: 60~100ml, 1.5~2.5ml/sIntravascular administration: bolus injection Scanning: ⑴Sequential CT scans: start at 15~20s after injection ⑵Delayed CT scans: can be performed at 5~10